Borrowers that have incomes that are less documented have a much more difficult time qualifying for a traditional home loan. In general, self-employed borrowers or those who write off 2106 un-reimbursed expenses will be the most likely to benefit from the bank statement program. These programs can be used for a primary residence, a second home or an investment property.
“Bank Statement loans are designed specifically for the self-employed and others whose tax returns and employment history may not adequately express their financial viability”
As its name would suggest, the concept is predicated on providing evidence of future payment ability, in the form of bank statements from the past 12 to 24 months. These can serve as the means for a down payment, in addition to taking the place of a traditional employment history for the years of W -2 forms typically required of buyers during the application process. 
The bank statement program is designed to alleviate this shortfall of standard documentation. We will determine an applicant’s ability to repay based on a more pragmatic, case-by-case approach.
Bank Statement Program Verification
Lenders may allow the use of personal or business bank statements to support a self-employed borrower’s income for qualification purposes. The documentation provided needs to document that the income is stable, likely to continue and sufficient to enable the borrower to repay the debt.
The income presented must be reasonable for the profession or type of business. In addition, when using business bank statements to support the borrower’s income, the nature and structure of business must be evaluated to determine if the applied expense assumptions are reasonable.
The borrower’s business may be a sole proprietorship, a partnership (general or limited), or a corporation. They may also receive income documented by Form 1099, or filed on a Schedule C.
Borrower must have been in the same line of work or own the same business for two years. Self-employed borrowers must be able to document by a neutral third-party that the business has been in operation for the last two years and that they have had ownership for that period of time. Third-party verification generally includes:
- A letter from a certified public accountant (CPA)
- A letter from a regulatory agency or professional organization
- Copy of business license
Borrowers that are employed by the seller, property seller, realtor, or receive foreign income are ineligible.
Income Documentation Requirements
The Borrower’s application must include all sources and amounts of income. The bank statements must support income listed on the application. Deposits from income sources that are not reflected on the 1003 or those not needed to qualify will not be included in the qualifying income calculation.
Income sources separate from self-employment must be verified. Examples of verification include social security letter, employment verification, or divorce decree. If tax returns are provided for the borrower using bank statements to support their income, the loan must be fully documented.
Income may be documented by either personal or business bank statements. However, the co-mingling of personal and business or multiple business accounts is prohibited. If multiple accounts are used to show income and reserves, documentation must be provided to show evidence that the funds are separate and distinct.
Here are a few of the key features of this type of loan:
- Up to 45 percent debt-to-income ratio
- 5/1 & 7/1 adjustable-rate mortgage options
- Loan-to-value ratios of up to 75 percent
- Cash-out options of up to $350,000 for a primary residence
- Loan amounts of up to $2 million
While the bank statement program is truly unique, there are signs the rest of the mortgage market is catching up to the evolution. These types of transactions are becoming more and more common – and for good reason!
